Glossary

Your source for smart parking trends, IoT innovations, and mobility insights.

17 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

3-Axis Magnetometer

Practical guide to triaxial (3‑axis) magnetometers for single‑space parking detection — how they wor
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

AI Health Monitoring

How AI Health Monitoring turns per-device telemetry from parking sensors into prioritized maintenanc
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

AI Health Monitoring

How to specify, measure and run AI-driven health monitoring for smart‑parking sensor fleets — balanc
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Airport Parking Sensor

How to choose, specify and deploy per-space airport parking sensors for robust Parking Guidance Syst
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Airport Parking Sensor

How in‑stall magnetic + nano‑radar sensors, LoRaWAN/NB‑IoT networks and camera/LPR overlays are spec
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

ANPR Integration

How to integrate ANPR (automatic number plate recognition) with on‑stall IoT sensors and parking mid
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

ANPR Integration

How to integrate camera-based ANPR (LPR) with permit, payment and enforcement systems for high-confi
17 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

AOI and RTG Inspection — inline AOI inspection & real‑time X‑ray for smart‑parking sensor QA

Practical guide to combining Automated Optical Inspection (AOI) and Radiographic Testing (RTG/AXI/CT
17 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Autocalibration – automatic magnetometer calibration & ambient magnetic field compensation for self‑calibrating parking sensor deployments

Practical playbook for procurement teams, integrators and field engineers: how to implement, validat
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Barrier-Free Access

How to specify, pilot and scale accessible (blue‑badge) parking bay detection, permit integration an
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Barrier‑Free Access

How barrier‑free (accessible) parking sensors detect disabled‑bay occupancy, support defensible enfo
17 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Battery Life 10+ Years

Hardware-focused guidance for municipal tenders and integrators: how to spec, validate and deploy pa
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Battery-Powered Parking Sensor

Practical guide for procurement teams and engineers: why battery-powered parking sensors are the fas
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Battery‑Powered Parking Sensor — LoRaWAN, Radar + Magnetic Detection, Multi‑Year Battery Life

Practical guide for procurement teams and integrators: how battery‑powered single‑space parking sens
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

BLE Beacons

How BLE beacons are used for spot-level services in smart parking — battery life, procurement checks
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

BLE Beacons

Practical, procurement-focused guide to using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacons for parking wayfind
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Camera-Based Parking Sensor

How camera-based parking sensors (PoE or hybrid) deliver multi‑bay occupancy detection, LPR enforcem
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Cloud Integration

How to design, test and procure cloud integration for city-scale smart‑parking: telemetry (MQTT), Lo
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Cloud Integration

How cloud parking sensor integrations, secure connectivity and device management turn per‑slot telem
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Cold Weather Performance

How parking sensors keep detection accuracy, radio connectivity and battery capacity in sub-zero con
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Cold Weather Performance

How to specify, test and procure winter‑ready parking sensors: batteries, radios, detection methods,
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Commercial Parking Sensor

Practical guide for municipal and enterprise procurement: detection technologies, LoRaWAN & NB‑IoT d
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Commercial Parking Sensor

Field guide for procurement teams and engineers: how commercial parking sensors (magnetometer, nanor
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Compact Parking Sensor

A practical, procurement‑ready guide to low‑profile hybrid parking sensors (magnetometer + nano‑rada
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Compact Parking Sensor

What a compact parking sensor is, how hybrid (magnetometer + nano‑radar) designs improve accuracy an
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Cost-Effective Parking Sensor

How to choose and specify a cost-effective bay-level parking sensor: detection, installation labour,
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Cost-Effective Parking Sensor

How to choose and procure a low‑TCO, high‑accuracy single‑space parking sensor (geomagnetic, nanorad
17 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Data Consistency (Zero Data Loss)

Why 'parking sensor zero data loss' is a procurement objective (not a marketing line): how to measur
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Data Encryption

Practical guide to parking sensor data encryption: why it matters, standards mapping, required compo
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Data Encryption: End-to-end protection for parking sensor data (PKI, DTLS & private APN)

Practical, procurement-ready guide to encrypting parking-sensor telemetry. Explains standards, minim
17 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Detection Accuracy

What “99.96% detection accuracy” means for parking sensors — how it is measured, how to validate ven
17 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Detection Accuracy — parking sensor detection accuracy & occupancy detection reliability

Practical guide for municipal parking engineers and city IoT integrators: how to specify, test and a
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Detection Range

Detection Range is the measured distance and angular envelope within which a parking sensor reliably
17 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

DISPO App

Technician mobile client for commissioning, BLE provisioning, autocalibration and battery & RF telem
17 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

DOTA Monitoring

Centralized device telemetry, battery telemetry and IoT hub control for city-scale parking sensor de
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Double Parking Detection

How hybrid sensors and edge AI cameras turn curbside observations into enforceable double‑parking ev
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Double Parking Detection

Practical guide for cities and system integrators: how to detect, evidence and enforce roadside doub
17 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Dual Detection (Magnetometer + Nanoradar)

Practical guide to dual-detection parking sensors that combine a 3-axis geomagnetic element with a c
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Dynamic Parking Signage

How networked, low‑power displays turn sensor telemetry into real‑time wayfinding, enforcement and m
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Dynamic Parking Signage

How on-street, low-power displays (flip-dot, LED, e‑ink) integrate with sensors, gateways and city m
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Easy Installation Parking Sensor

Practical guide to choosing, installing and specifying easy‑install parking sensors (magnetic, ultra
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Easy Installation Parking Sensor

Practical guide for municipal teams: how surface-mounted geomagnetic + LoRaWAN/NB‑IoT parking sensor
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Edge Computing Parking Sensor

How bay‑level edge computing parking sensors (magnetometer + nano‑radar, LoRaWAN/NB‑IoT) put decisio
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Edge Computing Parking Sensor

Practical guide to edge computing parking sensors: types, deployment steps, standards, procurement c
17 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Electronic Permitting

How cities replace paper stickers with auditable, license-plate and token‑based digital permits: a p
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

EV Charging Parking Sensor

Bay-level IoT detection for EV charger occupancy — hybrid magnetometer + nano‑radar and edge verific
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

EV Charging Parking Sensor

Practical guide to EV charging parking sensors: detection types (geomagnetic, radar, hybrid, camera)
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

False Echo Suppression

How parking radars and sensor fusion prevent false positives: hardware choices, signal‑processing al
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

False Echo Suppression

Practical guide to suppressing ghost returns and multipath echoes in parking sensors (mmWave/FMCW).
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Firmware Over-the-Air (OTA)

How secure, battery-aware Firmware Over-the-Air (OTA/FOTA/FUOTA) keeps smart‑parking sensors up-to-d
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Firmware Over-the-Air (OTA)

A practical, procurement-ready guide to OTA (FOTA) for parking sensor fleets: why it matters, requir
17 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Flip-Dot Parking Display

High-contrast, low-power bistable signage for parking guidance — solar + Li‑ion options, LoRaWAN / N
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Flood-Resistant Parking Sensor

How to specify, procure and deploy IP68 submersible parking sensors (magnetometer + nano‑radar hybri
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Flood-Resistant Parking Sensor

How municipal buyers and integrators specify, test and deploy IP68 flood‑resistant parking sensors (
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Freeze‑Thaw Resistance

How to specify and test parking sensors so they survive repeated freezing/thawing cycles — procureme
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Freeze‑Thaw Resistance

What Freeze‑Thaw Resistance means for flush‑mount and surface parking sensors, how to specify it in
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Garage Parking Sensor

Practical guide to selecting, specifying and operating garage parking sensors — ultrasonic, laser an
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Garage Parking Sensor

Practical guide to garage parking sensors: detection technologies (magnetometer + nano‑radar), batte
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Hospital Parking Sensor – single-space detection, LoRaWAN connectivity, battery life

Practical guide for hospital facility managers and municipal parking engineers: how single-space hos
17 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

IK10 Impact Resistance

Practical guide for specifying IK10 impact resistance for parking sensors — what IK10 means, how tes
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Indoor Parking Sensor

Ceiling‑mounted ultrasonic, camera LPR and edge‑AI single‑space detection for indoor occupancy and E
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Intelligent Firmware

Practical guide for procurement teams and developers: how intelligent, energy‑aware firmware (DFOTA,
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Interference Resistance

What interference-resistant parking sensors are, why municipal procurement should require them, and
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

IoT Parking Management System

Practical guide for municipal engineers and technical leads on designing, procuring and operating an
17 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

IoT Permit Card

Vehicle-bound, contactless IoT permit for automatic permit recognition and paperless workflows — des
17 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

IP68 Ingress Protection

Practical, procurement-ready guide to IP68 ingress protection for parking sensors: what IP68 means,
17 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

LED Parking Guidance Display

Practical guide for specifying, installing and operating LED parking guidance displays (PGDs). Cover
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Level Count Display

How level-by-level parking counts and wayfinding signs (flip-dot, LED, ePaper, VMS) improve throughp
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Long Battery Life Parking Sensor

Practical, procurement‑focused guide to selecting, testing and specifying parking sensors designed f
17 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

LoRaWAN Connectivity

Practical, procurement-grade guide to using LoRaWAN for large-scale, battery-powered smart‑parking s
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

LoRaWAN Connectivity

Practical glossary article for municipal parking engineers and IoT integrators: what LoRaWAN parking
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

LoRaWAN Connectivity

Practical guide to designing, procuring and operating LoRaWAN-based smart parking sensors: RF planni
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Low Power Consumption

Why low-power design is the single most important axis when specifying on‑stall parking sensors: how
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Maintenance-Free Parking Sensor

What ‘maintenance‑free’ really means for city parking sensors: procurement requirements, battery‑lif
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Mall Parking Sensor

Practical guide for procurement, deployment and long‑term operation of single‑space sensors in shopp
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Mesh Network Parking Sensor

Practical guide to mesh-network parking sensors: how they work, procurement checklist, installation
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Mini Exterior 1.0 Parking Sensor

Compact IP68-rated outdoor spot sensor (magnetometer + nanoradar) for per-space vehicle presence rep
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Mini Exterior 1.0 Parking Sensor

Compact exterior‑ready on‑surface parking sensor combining 3‑axis magnetometer + nano‑radar, LoRaWAN
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Mini Interior 1.0 Parking Sensor

Compact LoRaWAN indoor parking sensor combining a 3‑axis magnetometer and nanoradar, IP68 one‑piece
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Mini Interior 1.0 Parking Sensor

Compact, low-profile LoRaWAN indoor occupancy sensor combining a 3‑axis magnetometer and nanoradar w
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Mobile App Integration

How to design and implement mobile-app integration for parking sensors: OTAA-secured provisioning, e
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Modular Parking System

How to design, procure and operate a scalable modular parking sensor system (LoRaWAN + NB‑IoT) for s
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Multi-Sensor Fusion

How multi-sensor fusion (geomagnetic + nano‑radar + camera/BEV) improves parking occupancy accuracy,
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Nanoradar Technology

Practical guide for city engineers and procurement teams on above‑ground millimeter‑wave (nanoradar)
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Nanoradar Technology

Practical, procurement‑ready guide to nanoradar parking sensors (60–77 GHz mmWave): how they work, s
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

NB-IoT Connectivity

How NB‑IoT (Cat‑NB1 / Cat‑NB2) is specified, deployed and operated for municipal smart‑parking progr
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

NB‑IoT Connectivity: Practical Guide to NB‑IoT Parking Sensors for City Deployments (2025)

How NB‑IoT (Cat‑NB1 / Cat‑NB2) enables gateway‑less, operator‑grade smart‑parking deployments — stan
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

NB‑IoT Parking Sensor

Practical guide for procurement, installation and lifecycle management of NB‑IoT stall‑level parking
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Occupancy Prediction — Spatio‑temporal graph networks, POI feature embedding & fog‑enabled real‑time guidance

How short‑horizon parking occupancy prediction (15–60 min) turns bay‑level telemetry and context (PO
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Off‑Street Parking Sensor

How off‑street parking sensors (LoRaWAN, NB‑IoT and hybrid magnetometer + nano‑radar) turn car parks
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

On-Street Parking Sensor

Bay-level magnetic + nano‑radar sensors for curbside management. Procurement checklist, installation
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

OTA Firmware Update

How to design, secure and operate OTA firmware updates for parking sensors (LoRaWAN, NB‑IoT): standa
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

OTA Firmware Update

Practical, audit‑ready guide to secure, low‑power OTA (FOTA/FUOTA) firmware updates for city‑scale p
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Outdoor Parking Sensor — LoRaWAN battery life, geomagnetic installation & IP68 weatherproofing

Practical guide to choosing, specifying and deploying outdoor parking sensors (geomagnetic, hybrid r
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Parking Guidance System

Practical procurement and deployment guide to slot-level parking guidance systems: what to specify i
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Parking Level Indicator

What a parking level indicator is, how it connects sensors → gateway → backend → displays, and pract
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Parking Occupancy Analytics

How bay‑level detection, edge processing and backend analytics turn raw sensor telemetry into operat
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Parking Space Detection

Practical guide for municipal engineers and IoT integrators: how magnetometer, nano‑radar and LPWAN
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Parking Turnover Optimization

How cities and operators increase revenue per space and reduce search traffic by aligning sensors, p
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Permit-Based Parking Sensor

A practical guide to choosing, specifying and operating permit-based parking sensors — from geomagne
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Predictive Maintenance Parking Sensor

How field-grade detection hardware, telemetry and analytics detect device degradation early to reduc
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Private APN Security

How to specify, procure and operate a Private APN for city-scale parking sensors (NB‑IoT / LTE‑M / c
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Private APN Security

How dedicated (private) APNs reduce public exposure for parking sensors, support data sovereignty an
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Public Parking Sensor

A practical glossary entry and procurement primer for public parking sensors: detection methods (mag
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Real-Time Data Transmission

How event-driven and hybrid reporting patterns convert single-space sensor events into live occupanc
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Real-Time Parking Occupancy

How to turn per-space sensor events into live parking maps, guidance feeds and enforcement-ready tel
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Red-Green Parking Indicator

A concise guide to driver-facing red/green parking indicators: what they do, how they integrate with
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Red-Green Parking Indicator

Low-power red/green LED single-space driver-facing indicator that shows "red = occupied" and "green
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Remote Configuration — OTA updates, LoRaWAN provisioning & zero‑touch provisioning

How to plan, deploy and operate secure remote configuration for city‑scale parking sensor fleets: re
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Residential Parking Sensor

Practical guide to residential parking sensors (magnetometer + nanoradar hybrids): standards, instal
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Retrofit Parking Sensor

Practical guide for municipal procurement and pilots: low‑impact geomagnetic & hybrid in‑ground retr
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Scalable Parking Solution

How to design and procure a scalable parking sensor solution that scales from pilots (dozens) to cit
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Secure Data Transmission

Practical guide for municipal engineers and procurement teams: end-to-end secure transmission for pa
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Self-Calibrating Parking Sensor

Practical, vendor-agnostic guide to self‑calibrating parking sensors: how they work, deployment step
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Sensor Health Monitoring

How sensor-level diagnostics, battery and connectivity telemetry turn parking sensors from hardware
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

SHMA Monitoring

SHMA Monitoring — Fleximodo’s operational module for continuous parking-sensor health telemetry, bat
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

SHMA Monitoring — Sensor Health Monitoring as a Service for Smart Parking

Practical guide to SHMA Monitoring (Sensor Health Monitoring as a Service) for municipal and enterpr
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Shopping Mall Parking Sensor

How slot-level IoT sensors (magnetometer + nano‑radar, LoRaWAN/NB‑IoT) turn mall parking into real-t
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Sigfox Connectivity

Practical technical guide for municipal parking engineers and city IoT integrators on using Sigfox (
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Single Space Detection

Practical guide to stall-level occupancy (single-space detection): sensor families, procurement chec
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Smart City Parking Sensor

Practical guide for municipal procurement and deployment of smart city parking sensors: detection me
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Solar-Powered Parking Sensor

Practical guide to solar-powered per‑space parking sensors: benefits, standards, system design, inst
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Solar-Powered Parking Signage

How to specify, size and maintain off-grid ePaper and touchscreen parking signage with LiFePO4 backu
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Solar-Powered Parking Signage – LiFePO4 batteries, flip‑dot displays & NB‑IoT integration

A practical, procurement‑focused guide to designing and tendering off‑grid solar parking signage: ba
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Standard In-ground 2.0 Parking Sensor

Municipal-grade in-ground IoT sensor combining 3-axis magnetometer + nano‑radar, multi‑radio connect
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Standard In-ground 2.0 Parking Sensor

Practical procurement and technical guide for standard in‑ground parking sensors (geomagnetic + nano
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Standard On-surface 2.0 Parking Sensor

Comprehensive guide for procurement, installation and lifecycle of the Standard On‑surface 2.0 singl
20 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Standard On-surface 2.0 Parking Sensor

Practical glossary: what a standard on-surface (surface-mounted) single‑space parking sensor is, why
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Street Parking Sensor

Practical guide for municipal engineers and integrators: how on‑street parking sensors work, procure
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Surface-Mounted Parking Sensor

Practical, procurement-focused guide to surface-mounted parking sensors: detection types (geomagneti
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Temperature Compensation

How temperature compensation keeps geomagnetic and TMR parking sensors accurate across −40 °C to +75
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Traffic Flow Optimization: Reduce Cruising Time with Smart Parking Sensors

How per‑space sensors, resilient connectivity and deterministic guidance reduce cruising time, curbs
19 Dec 2025Ing. Peter Kovács

Ultrasonic Welded Casing

Why ultrasonically welded, gasketless enclosures are the pragmatic choice for city-scale parking sen
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Underground Parking Sensor

Practical glossary: what an underground (in‑ground) parking sensor does, how it’s specified and inst
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Vandal-Resistant Parking Sensor

How to specify, procure and deploy vandal-resistant parking sensors (IP68 / IK10, magnetic + nano‑ra
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Variable Message Parking Sign

What variable message parking signs (VMS) are, how they integrate with smart‑parking sensors and CMS
16 Jan 2026Ing. Peter Kovács

Violation Detection

How automated violation detection (ground sensors, hybrid sensors and camera evidence) reduces enfor